What Are The Fluid Leaks of Hydraulic?
In practical hydraulic systems, fluid leaks may not always manifest as visible puddles, making them challenging to identify and resolve. However, overlooking these leaks can lead to significant consequences, including increased maintenance and operational costs, reduced performance, decreased reliability, and accelerated component wear. Therefore, promptly locating and addressing the actual source of leaks, whether internal or external, is crucial to prevent unnecessary expenses in the future.
External hydraulic fluid leaks refer to leaks that cause hydraulic fluid to escape involuntarily from the system. These leaks are generally easier to locate, such as when a hydraulic line develops a tear or hole and starts spewing fluid under high pressure. However, at times, pinpointing the exact source of the leak can be difficult, as the visible accumulation of fluid (e.g., puddles on the floor or machine) may not align with the actual point of exit from the system. Leaks can flow and drip from higher points on the machine, further complicating the detection process.
The effects of external hydraulic leaks can be detrimental and include potential fluid penetration injuries, worn-out seals or holes in non-pressurized lines due to contaminants entering the system, and environmental consequences if leaks are left unchecked. Moreover, continuously topping off hydraulic fluid levels to compensate for leaks can lead to the ingress of abrasive contaminants and result in increased component wear and internal leaks, impacting system performance and efficiency.
Detecting external leaks typically involves visual inspection and may require cleaning the equipment's external surfaces to locate the fluid's origin. The use of a dye additive to the fluid allows leaks to be visible under a black light, aiding in the detection process. Keeping records of fluid level measurements can also be helpful during the inspection.
Internal hydraulic fluid leaks occur within the hydraulic system and involve small orifices or pathways that allow fluid to flow from areas of high pressure to low pressure for cooling or cleaning specific components. These leaks are not the primary cause of fluid exiting the hydraulic system, but they can escalate and negatively affect system performance.
Common causes of internal leaks include component wear and tear, poor system design, incorrect control tolerances during initial manufacturing or rebuilds, and the use of incorrect parts. Internal leaks lead to reduced system performance, efficiency, and reliability, accompanied by increased operating temperatures and potential issues with stability and control.
Detecting the source of internal leaks can be challenging. Employing flow meters in various locations within the hydraulic system can aid in narrowing down the source of leakage. Bench testing, temperature gauging, and ultrasonic detection are other useful methods for tracing internal leaks.
Eliminating internal leaks often involves replacing critical components or resurfacing surfaces that have worn away. Identifying the root cause of the leak is essential to prevent premature wear on replacement parts. Factors such as using the correct viscosity hydraulic fluid, preventing contamination by abrasive particles, and adhering to recommended operating temperatures can all contribute to addressing internal leaks effectively.
In conclusion, regardless of whether the leak is internal or external, it must be addressed promptly to avoid significant consequences. Even seemingly minor leaks can result in substantial fluid wastage and associated costs. Neglecting to resolve leaks may also lead to environmental hazards or injuries. Internal leaks, though less apparent, can significantly impact system performance and efficiency, emphasizing the need for timely detection and repair. Despite potential downtime for repair work, addressing leaks promptly is a cost-effective approach in the long run.
